Which command renames a file called caleb.txt to calebfinal.txt?

The command that successfully renames a file in a Unix-like operating system is "mv." When using the command mv caleb.txt calebfinal.txt, you're telling the system to move (or rename) the file caleb.txt and give it the new name calebfinal.txt. In this context, "moving" a file can mean changing its name while remaining in the same directory.

The other options provided do not correctly perform the renaming function as intended. The command "rename" may exist on some systems, but it often requires a specific syntax or is used differently, making it less universally applicable for this purpose. The command "change" is not a standard command in Unix-like systems for renaming files. The last command "mv calebfinal.txt caleb.txt" would attempt to move or rename the file calebfinal.txt to caleb.txt, which is the opposite of what is required according to the question.

Thus, using "mv" is the correct and standard method for renaming files within the command line in most Unix-like environments.